中国宪法学基本范畴体系新论

On Chinese Fundamental Category Systems

当代中国宪法学基本范畴可概括为7组14个范畴,即民主与共和、宪法与法治、基本权利(人权)与国家权力、宪法职权与宪法责任、宪法规范与宪法效力、宪法救济与宪法诉讼、宪法概念与宪法解释。这一概括大致勾勒出了中国宪法学的基本框架,使整个基本范畴体系形成内部相通、外部协调的有机联系的整体;各个范畴之间具有逻辑同一性基础,既有独立的价值,又体现其在体系中的不孤立与相容性;每个范畴发挥作用,都有赖于其他范畴提供支持。7组范畴依顺序展现的是宪法运行的全过程,共同致力于宪政理想的实现。

After estimating some influential and representative viewpoints,absorbing and referring to some outstanding productions,we have a cognition for Chinese constitutional jurisprudence fundamental categories,which should be divided into seven pairs——fourteen categories：democracy and republic;constitution and rule of law;fundamental rights（human rights）and state power;constitutional authority and constitutional duty;constitutional norms and constitutional effectiveness;constitutional redress and constitutional litigation;constitutional concept and constitutional interpretation.We can see the basic frame of the Chinese constitutional jurisprudence from this system which is an intra-communicating and extra-harmonious organic whole.Each category has a logic identity basic.It not only has an independent value,but also is consistent and compatible in the system.We can see the whole process of constitutional practice in these seven pair categories,which is helpful for the realization of constitutional ideal.