优质荔枝新品种‘草莓荔’开花与落果特性观察

Characteristics of Flowering and Fruit Drop in New Cultivar Litchi chinensis ‘Caomeili’

从植株群体和单穗调查分析‘草莓荔’雌雄花开花特性,结果表明,‘草莓荔’雌雄花交替开放的顺序主要是雌→雄,即前期开雌花,后期开雄花;但也有少量交替开放顺序是雄→雌→雄,即先开雄花,中期开雌花后再开雄花。植株群体的花期和雌雄花开放相遇时间比单穗长,更有利于传粉受精。落果从花后15d开始出现,并在花后18～25d出现第一次落果高峰,落果最多,开花后51～58d为第二次落果高峰。

The investigation and analysis were performed to study the flowering characteristics of ＇Caomeili＇ from single ear, single plant and the group of ＇caomeili＇ plants. The results showed that the flowering order was female flower to male flower. In other words, the female flower opened in the first period and the male flower second; but the flowering order of few flowers was male flower to female flower to male flower. Both the flowering period and the time of male flower meeting with female flower of the group were longer than those of single ear and single plant, which helped pollination and impregnation. The first peak of fruit drop came after flowering for 18-25 d, when the amount of fruit drop was the largest; and the second peak came after flowering for 51-58 d.