朝鲜族、鄂伦春族醇代谢酶基因多态性与酒依赖的研究

ADH and ALDH genes among Korea and Elunchun ethnic groups in China

目的了解醇脱氢酶（ＡＤＨ）和醛脱氢酶（ＡＬＤＨ）基因多态性与朝鲜族和鄂伦春族酒依赖发病的相互关系。方法采用耳血聚合酶链反应及等位基因特异性寡核苷酸杂交方法，检测ＡＤＨ和ＡＬＤＨ基因型在酒依赖患者（朝鲜族５５例，鄂伦春族３１例）与正常对照者（朝鲜族５０名，鄂伦春族３７名）人群中的分布频率。结果在酒依赖组与正常对照组之间，朝鲜族仅ＡＬＤＨ２基因频率的分布差异有非常显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１），而鄂伦春族的ＡＤＨ３基因频率分布和ＡＬＤＨ２基因频率分布的差异有非常显著性和显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），两个民族的ＡＤＨ２基因频率分布差异均无显著性。结论提示朝鲜族酒依赖的发生与ＡＬＤＨ２基因有关，鄂伦春族则为ＡＬＤＨ２和ＡＤＨ３基因共同影响酒依赖的发生。

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between alcohol dependence and polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) genes in Korea and Elunchun ethnic groups. Methods The genotypes and allele frequencies of ADH/ALDH genes were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and allele specific oligonucleotide (ASO) hybridizing among the alcohol dependents and the normal controls. There were 55 and 31 cases of alcohol dependents in Korea and Elunchun ethnic groups respectively, whereas the normal controls in these two corresponding ethnic groups were 50 and 37 cases, respectively. Results The difference of the allele frequency of ALDH2 was remarkably significant between the alcohol dependents and the normal controls in Korea ( P <0.01) and Elunchun ( P <0.05) ethnic groups, but the distribution of the allele frequency of ADH2 was significantly different ( P <0.01) between the alcohol dependents and normal controls only in Elunchun ethnic group. Conclusion These findings suggest that the occurrence of alcohol dependence might be mainly related to the ALDH2 allele in Korea ethnic group, but in Elunchun ethnic group, it might be related to both the ADH3 and the ALDH2 allele.