河南医大特困生与普通生膳食营养状况分析

A Dietary Survey in Especially Impoverished and Ordinary College Students

对河南医科大学42名特困生和42名普通生进行了膳食营养状况调查。结果表明：膳食能量的摄入量与推荐供给量标准（RDA）比较，特困生仅达80％，显示不足，普通生达RDA的90％以上，基本满足要求。能量来源的69．6％～70．9％为碳水化合物，11．6％～12．4％为蛋白质，17．5％～18．0％为脂肪，其中来自脂肪的能量偏低，应适当提高。蛋白质的平均摄入量达RDA的80％以上，基本满足需要，但是优质蛋白不足。钙、锌元素摄入量为RDA的60％，严重不足；硫胺素、核黄素、抗坏血酸摄入量为RDA的80％，视黄醇当量低于60％，几种维生素的摄入量普遍不足。膳食结构亦不尽合理，应改进膳食给构，增加副食摄入，提高优质蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质、维生素等的摄入量。

Dietary nutritional conditions were studied in 42 especially impovenshed and 42 ordinary college students. Theresults showed that energy received by female impoverished students amounted to 80% of RDA. Carbohydrate,protein and fat suppled 69.6% ～70.9%, 11.6%～12.4% and 17.5% ～18.0% of calories respectively.Protein quantity came up to 80%of RDA, but its quality was poor in the diets of impoverished college students.The daily intakes of calcium,zinc,retinol equval lvin were lower than 60% of their corresponding RDA, thiamin, riboflavin,ascorbic acid were below 80% of RDA. Cereal grains accounted for 60% of the total foods,and fat,calcium,iron,zinc and retinol came mainly from plant foods,and inadequate amounts of vegetables,soy bean products and meat or other animal-related foods were provided in their diets.It is suggested that their dietary pattern should be improved.