往复切刀式小麦固定垄免耕播种机

No-till planter with reciprocating powered-cutter for wheat permanent raised beds cultivation

针对西北灌溉农业区固定垄保护性耕作条件下玉米秸秆覆盖地垄作免耕播种小麦存在的机具堵塞、垄形破坏等问题,设计了一种集切茬、播种和修垄于一体的往复切刀式小麦固定垄免耕播种机。该机通过利用动力切刀往复垂直切茬和刀刃型开沟器水平切茬相结合的方式实现秸秆防堵,同时采用圆柱熟地型修垄犁解决垄形修复问题。田间试验表明,该机能有效地解决玉米秸秆堵塞问题,防堵能力强,修垄效果好;播种、施肥平均深度分别为46mm和91mm,均匀性好,可较好地满足西北灌溉农业区小麦垄作免耕播种的要求。

The reciprocating powered-cutter wheat no-till planter, which has the functions of residue-cutting, seeding and bed-renovating, was designed based on the problems of residues blocking and seriously damaged bed shape during the planting of wheat in maize stubble coverage fields under the condition of permanent raised beds （PRB） in irrigation agricultural region of northwest China. This planter used the way combining the vertical residue-cutting by powered cutter and horizontal residue-cutting by knife shaped opener to solve blocking. Furthermore, the columniform and cultivated-type plough was adopted to renovate the beds. The field experiment showed that the planter was effective in solving blocking and renovating the beds. The mean seeding and fertilizing depths were 46 mm and 91 mm, respectively, and good uniformity was shown. In conclusion, the planter could meet the requirements of wheat no-till planting in PRB farming system in irrigation agricultural region of northwest China.