组合式分娩栏对母猪活动和躺卧的影响

Effects of detachable farrowing crate on movement and lying of sows

为了研究不同型式分娩哺育栏对母猪行为的影响,该试验设计了组合式分娩哺育栏,并进行了饲养试验,同时与普通矩形分娩哺育栏进行了比较。分别记录母猪在哺乳期的采食量以及仔猪的日增质量。在母猪哺乳期的第9、11、14、18天,采用监控设备对8头母猪的行为进行了录像。试验结果表明:组合式和矩形分娩哺育栏内母猪的站立时间分别占各种行为发生时间的22.74%和6.73%,坐立时间分别占2.22%和7.72%,躺卧行为分别占72.50%和84.55%,组合式分娩哺育栏内母猪走动时间占1.13%,矩形分娩哺乳栏内母猪不发生走动行为。组合式分娩哺育栏组母猪的姿势转换次数高于矩形分娩哺育栏组,每天平均数分别为99次和53次。组合式分娩哺育栏组和矩形分娩哺育栏组每头母猪的采食量分别为5.92kg/d和5.24kg/d,仔猪日增质量分别为229.93g/d和224.85g/d。组合式分娩哺育栏增加了母猪的活动空间,减少了对母猪身体的限制,母猪可以自由的表达各种行为,母猪的活动量增加,提高了母猪的福利状况,母猪的采食量和仔猪的日增质量因此而得到提高,提高了母猪的生产性能。

In order to study the effects of different farrowing crates on sows＇ behavior, the detachable farrowing crate （DFC） was designed and compared to the conventional rectangular farrowing crate （RFC） with regard to its effect on sows＇ behavior and productivity of sows and piglets. Four landrace sows farrowed in each system. Feed intake by a sow per day and the average daily gain of piglets were recorded. Behavior was videotaped on the 9th, 11th, 14th and 18th day of lactation. The results showed that compared to RFC sows, DFC sows spent more time on standing （22.74% vs. 6.73%） and less time on sitting（2.22% vs. 7.72%） and lying（72.50% vs. 84.55%）, DFC sows also spent 1.13% time on walking, RFC sows couldn＇t walk. During lactation DFC sows changed posture more often than RFC sows （99 vs. 53）. Feed intake by a sow per day in the detachable farrowing crate was more than that in the rectangular farrowing crates, 5.92 kg and 5.24 kg, respectively. The average daily gain of piglets were 229.93 g/d and 224.85 g/d in the detachable farrowing crates and the rectangular farrowing crates respectively. The detachable farrowing crates made more space for sows movement, and sows could express their behavior randomly, thus welfare of sows was improved, feed take of sows and the average daily Fain of piglets were increased conseauenflv, nroduction nerformance of sows were increased.