鱼油豆油对大鼠线粒体磷脂脂肪酸组成的影响

INFLUENCE OF FISH OIL AND SOYBEAN OIL ON PHOSPHOLIPID FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION IN MYOCARDIAL MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE OF RATS

方法：大鼠分别饲以低硒和补硒饲料３０天，补加油类之后（５０ｇ／ｋｇ饲料）继续饲养３０天。结果：线粒体膜磷脂中脂肪酸组成可反映大鼠饮食中脂肪酸的组成，磷脂酰胆碱（ＰＣ）和磷脂酰乙醇胺（ＰＥ）中Ｃ２０∶５和Ｃ２２∶６含量鱼油组明显高于豆油组，而且鱼油中Ｃ２２∶６比Ｃ２０∶５优先结合掺入磷脂中。ＰＣ中Ｃ２０∶４豆油组明显高于鱼油组。ω６／ω３比值降低。豆油和鱼油均使线粒体Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性下降，但对线粒体钙有不同的影响。补硒对脂肪酸组成，Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ影响不大，但加速钙的释放。结论：鱼油具有防治心血管疾病的作用，其作用基础可能在于Ｃ２０∶５和Ｃ２２∶６掺入细胞膜磷脂中，影响了脂肪酸组成。

Rats were kept on selenium (Se) deficient (0.011μg/g) or Se supplemented (0.1μg/g) diet for 30 days and then on the diet supplemented with soybean oil (SO) or fish oil (FO,50g/kg) for 30 days. The results showed that the fatty acids composition in phospholipids could reflect the fatty acids composition in diet consumed by the rats. The contents of C 20∶5 and C 22∶6 in phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidyl choline (PC) of rats fed FO were significantly higher than those of rats fed SO. The incorporation of C 22∶6 into myocardial phospholipid took precedence of C 20∶5 . C 20∶4 content in PC of rats fed SO as significantly higher than that of rats fed FO. The value of ω 6/ω 3 fatty acids was reduced,which was associated with a lower activity of Ca 2+ ATPase. The Ca 2+ ATPase activity was significantly lower in both FO and SO supplemented rats but mitochondrial Ca showed different changes. The influence of Se on phospholipid fatty acids composition and Ca 2+ ATPase activity was slight. When supplementing Se, Ca was released from myocardial mitochondria.It was suggested that the preventive effect of FO on cardiovascular disease was based on C 20∶5 and C 22∶6 going into membrane phospholipid, modifying fatty acids composition and altering the function of mitochondrial membrane.