四个媒体报道“癌症高发村”所在县(区)的恶性肿瘤死亡水平和趋势分析

Analysis on Death Level and Trends of Malignant Tumors in Four Counties(Districts) with "Cancer High-incidence Villages" Reported by Media

目的对四个媒体报道"癌症高发村"所在县(区)的恶性肿瘤死亡率水平和变化趋势开展分析,以进一步佐证媒体报道信息的真实性和可靠性。方法利用1973-1975年全国第一次死因回顾调查数据,以及2004-2005年全国第三次死因回顾抽样调查数据,描述四个县(区)恶性肿瘤死亡率及变化趋势。结果河南省浚县是历史高发区,目前恶性肿瘤死亡仍然高发,平均每年比全国水平多死74例恶性肿瘤;而安徽省阜阳市颍东区、河南省沈丘县和湖北省应城市,历史上不属于恶性肿瘤高发地区,过去30多年,三县(区)恶性肿瘤死亡率大幅度上升,上升幅度分别是全国平均水平的9.27、7.14、2.71倍,恶性肿瘤超额死亡率分别为每10万人43、40、52例;四个县(区)的高发肿瘤主要集中在消化道肿瘤,包括食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌等,聚集性分析发现这四个县(区)均有一些恶性肿瘤在一些村落存在明显的聚集性。结论四个县(区)恶性肿瘤标化死亡率均超过全国水平的40%,属于恶性肿瘤高死亡地区。四个县(区)的高发肿瘤主要集中在消化道肿瘤,且均有一些恶性肿瘤存在村落聚集性,部分聚集村落与媒体报道的"癌症高发村"相符合。

Objective To analyze the death level and changing trends of malignant tumors in four counties （districts） with ＂cancer high - incidence villages＂ reported by media, and to further support the authenticity and reliability of the information reported by media. Methods The data on the first survey of national retrospective death causes （1973-- 1975） and the third survey of national retrospective sampling death causes （2004--200.5） were used to describe the cancer mortality and changing trends in the four counties （districts）. Results Jun County is a historical high - incidence area in Henan Province; the current malignant tumor death is still at a high- incidence level, the average annual death of malignant tumors is 74 cases more than that of national level. Yingdong Distrct of Fuyang City of Anhui Province, Shenqiu County of Henan Province, and Yingcheng City of Hubei Province are not historical malignant tumor high- incidence areas. In the past 30 years, cancer mortality increased significantly in the three counties （districts）, respectively increased 9.27 times, 7.14 times and 2.71 times more than national average level; the excess mortality rates per 100,000 were 43 cases, 40 cases, and 52 cases, respectively. High-incidence tumors in four counties （districts） mainly were digestive tract tumors, such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, etc. Aggregation analysis showed that a number of malignant tumors in some villages of the four counties （districts） had obvious aggregation. Conclusions The standardized mortality of malignant tumors in the four counties （districts） is 40 % more than the national average level, the four counties （districts） are malignant tu- mor high- death areas. The high- incidence tumors in the four counties （districts） mainly concentrate in the digestive tract tumors, and some malignant tumors exist village aggregation, some aggregated villages accord with the ＂cancer high incidence villages＂ reported by media.