大学新生体质指数分布调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on BMI Among Freshmen and Analysis of Its Influencing Factor

目的了解大学新生体质指数(BMI)现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法对某年大学新生(共2173人)进行健康体检,并采用自行设计的量表对其进行问卷调查。结果偏瘦组(BMI<18.5)和偏胖组(BMI≥24)的人数所占的比例分别23.2%和9.9%,女生偏瘦的人数明显多于男生(χ2=71.264,P=0.000),而超重肥胖的人数比男生少(χ2=32.165,P=0.000)。该群体的BMI值与家族史、体育锻炼、饮食习惯有关。结论大学新生中体重不理想的情况较为普遍,应加强对其饮食习惯和生活方式的引导,男生是防治的重点人群。

Objective To know the current situation of BMI among freshmen, and to explore its influencing factor. Methods Health examination was performed on 2,173 freshmen, meanwhile, they were investigated by self - designed questionnaire. Results Ectomorphs （BMI〈 18.5） and endomorphs （BMI≥24） accounted for 23.2% and 9.9%, respectively. The number of female ectomorph freshmen was significantly higher than that of male endomorph freshmen （X^2 =71. 264, P = 0. 000）, while the number of female endomorph freshmen was significantly lower than that of male endomorph freshmen （X^2= 32. 165, P = 0. 000）. The BMI of freshmen was associated with family history, physical exercise, and diet habit. Conclusions Freshmen with unreasonable BMI are very common phenomenon. Effective effort should be taken to strength the instruction for the diet habit and life style, and the target population of preventing and controlling overweight is the male freshmen.