深圳市儿童麻腮风三联疫苗免疫的成本-效益分析

Cost-benefit Analysis of Measles-mumps-rubella Vaccine Immunity Among Children in Shenzhen

目的评估麻腮风三联疫苗在深圳市儿童中免疫成本-效益,为将该疫苗纳入国家免疫规划及控制相关传染病提供依据。方法分析深圳市2007年免疫监测的相关资料,对麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎病例进行回顾性调查,主要包括麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎相关疾病的直接和间接疾病负担,采用成本-效益分析方法分析麻腮风疫苗免疫的经济和社会效益。结果深圳市2007年免疫监测结果显示,14周岁及以下儿童麻疹、腮腺炎及风疹的发病人数分别为3 795、1 413例和48例,分别占全市报告病例的66.7%、86.1%和31.2%。平均每例麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎造成的总经济负担(人民币)分别为1 063.9、935.5、759.1元,2007年深圳市三种传染病给国家和家庭造成的总经济损失为5 395 949.4元。若给这些患儿接种1剂次MMR,则成本-效益比为11.4∶1;接种2剂次MMR,则成本-效益比为5.7∶1。结论麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹不仅消耗了大量的医疗资源,而且给家庭和个人带来沉重的经济负担,通过麻腮风三联疫苗可产生巨大的经济效益和社会效益。

Objective To evaluate the cost - benefit of measles - mumps - rubella （MMR） vaccine immunity among children in Shenzhen, and to provide a basis for MMR vaccine being incorporated into national immunity plan and relevant infection diseases control. Methods A retrospective study was performed for cases of measles, rubella, mumps through analyzing the relevant data of immunity monitoring in Shenzhen in 2007, including directindirect diseases economic burden of these cases. The costbenefit method was used to analyze the social and economic benefits of MMR vaccine immunity. Result The results of immunity monitoring showed that the incidence rates of measles, rubella, and mumps in children aged 14 years or below were 3,795, 1,413, and 48, respectively in Shenzhen in 2007, which accounted for 66.7%, 86.1%, and 31. 2 % of the reported cases of the city. And the average values of economic burden of each measles, rubella, and mumps case were ￥ 1,,053.9, ￥935..5, and ￥759.1, respectively in 2007. The total value of economic loss for nation and family caused by the three infectious diseases was Y 5,395,949.4. If one dose MMR vaccine was vaccinated to these sick children, the cost - benefit ratio was 11. 4 ： 1 ; and if two doses, the cost - benefit ratio was .5.7 ： 1. Conclusions Measles, mumps, and rubella not only cost huge medical resources, but also offer heavily economic burden to individual and family. Through implementing MMR vaccine immunity, it is made huge economic and social benefits.