2型糖尿病患者糖尿病足的危险因素分析研究

Analysis on Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨影响2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者糖尿病足(DF)发生的相关危险因素。方法将276例诊断为T2DM的患者按有无糖尿病足分为糖尿病组和糖尿病足组,搜集并记录所有患者的临床资料及实验室指标,比较两组在各临床危险因素之间的差异。结果2组年龄、病程、SBP、DBP、2 h PG、HbA1C、HDL-C、LDL-C、Fbg、Scr、BUN、总蛋白、白蛋白、糖尿病肾病等因素差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病病程、HbA1c、Fbg、白蛋白及糖尿病肾病5个因素进入回归模型,是2型糖尿病患者发生糖尿病足的独立危险因素。结论严格控制血糖、血黏度,积极治疗各种DM并发症能有效预防DF发生。

Objective To investigate the proportion of diabetic foot in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）, and to analyze the risk factors for diabetic foot. Methods According to whether the patients had diabetic foot or not, 276 patients with T2DM were divided into two groups. All the probable risk factors were collected, including sex, age, course, body mass index （BMI）, blood pressure （BP： SBP/DBP）, the duration of hypertension and smoking, fasting plasma glucose （FPG）, 2 - hour postprandial plasma glucose （2 h PG）, glycated hemoglobin A1C （HbA1C）, total cholesterol （TO）, triglyceride （TG）, high density lipoprotein - cholesterol （HDL - C）, low density lipoprotein - cholesterol （LDL - C）, Fbg, serum creatinine （Scr）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, total protein, albumin, and diabetic nephropathy. And the difference of the clinical risk factors was compared between the two groups. Results There were statistically significant difference in age, course, SBP, DBP, 2 h PG, HbA1C, HDL-C, LDL-C, Fbg, Scr, BUN, total protein, albumin, and diabetic nephropathy between the two groups （P 〈 0.05）. Multiple - factor non - conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that years of T2DM, HbAlc, Fbg, albumin, and diabetic nephropathy are the independent risk factors for diabetic foot. Conclusions The diabetic foot can be prevented by controlling blood glucose and blood viscosity strictly and by treating the chronic diabetic complications.