关于控制盐渍化的制度安排——以土耳其为例

Institutional Arrangements for Controlling Salinity——A Case Study of Turkey

在高度集权的非市场决策的环境下,有效需求是由政治决策者提出的。他们的决定只出于政治方面的考虑,与当地需求无关。政府方面的有效控制盐渍化服务由于其较高的多变性和交易成本而受到妨碍,而将它们最小化的行政程序本身又导致下水位的上升。有了自治的用水户协会,输水系统的维护和水资源分配条例的实施工作得到改善。可是,它们对控制盐渍化的贡献很小,需要国家对其加以调控。

In a highly centralized non-market decision-making setting, however, effective demand is expressed by political decision-makers only,and the decisions made on O＆M-budgets are related to political consideration not to local requirements.In the analyzed case,the public provision of effective salinization control services was The New Institutional Economics stress the importance of institutionsoimpeded by high transformation ,information and transaction costs ,and the administrative procedures to minimize them themselves contribute to high groundwater levels. With autonomous water-user associations,maintaince works in the delivery systems and the enforcement of the water allocation rules had improved. However, their contribution to the control ofsalinization is minimal and the state regulation was required.