去除生物反应器渗滤液生物毒性的实验研究

Experimental research on removing the leachate biotoxicity by adding alkalinity in bioreactor landfill

在生物反应器中加入碱度,以2个反应器进行对比试验,以嗜热四膜虫为指示生物,研究了渗滤液生物毒性的变化,并用RFLP分析了甲烷产量到达峰值期时渗滤液中微生物结构。结果表明,通过厌氧生物反应器填埋系统处理,渗滤液的生物毒性逐渐降低,24 h半致死浓度LC50由0.398%变为2.78%;渗滤液的LC50与COD呈负相关。回灌中碱度的添加可以很好地提高甲烷气产量。对甲烷产量到达峰值期时的渗滤液中DNA进行RFLP分析,提供了一种不经培养而直接研究生物反应器中甲烷化阶段微生物群落结构及其生态的有效手段。

The simulation experiments are undertaken in two anaerobic bioreactors with and without alkalinity addition, as an experimental control. The leachate biotoxicity is measured by using Tetrahymena pyriformis as a bioindicator and the structure of microorganism is measured by the RFLP （restriction fragment length polymorphism） analysis at the highest point of methane production. It is observed that the biotoxicity of leachate gradually decreases, 24hLC50 increases to 2.78% from 0. 398%, and the LC50 is in negative correlation with COD. The alkalinity addition has a positive effect on the methane production. Furthermore, the RFLP analysis of the DNA in the leachate which is at the highest point of methane production provides an effective method to directly study the colony structure and ecology of methanogenic microorganism under the methanogenic condition with no cultivation.