不同施肥处理对津原45产量和品质的影响

Effect of Different Fertilization Treatments on Yield and Grain Quality of Rice Variety Jinyuan 45

[目的]探索较适合的施肥处理,为开展天津市优质稻米栽培提供参考。[方法]对粳稻品种津原45进行了5种不同类型肥料的田间试验,研究5种不同施肥处理对水稻产量、品质及淀粉谱特性的影响。[结果]与对照相比,采用不同施肥处理对水稻有显著的增产作用,各施肥处理分别增产20.42%～56.94%;处理Ⅱ(常规施肥)获得了最高的产量,但垩白率较高,食味品质差;处理Ⅳ(拟日本稻作法)增产最少,但食味品质最好;处理Ⅲ(有机肥)和处理Ⅴ(东洋生物肥)的稻米产量略低于处理Ⅱ,但食味品质均较好。[结论]处理Ⅲ(有机肥)和处理Ⅴ(东洋生物肥)较好地兼顾了产量和品质,是较为可行的施肥方法。

[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore the optimum fertilization treatment so as to provide the reference for production of high quality rice in Tianjin City. [Method] In field experiment, 5 fertilization treatments with different types were set up for Japonica rice variety Jinyuan 45 to research the effect of 5 kinds of fertilization treatments on the yield and quality of rice and the amylogram properties of rice grain. [ Result] Compared with CK, applying different fertilization treatments all showed the significant yield-increasing effect on rice, increasing by 20.42% -56.94% ; the treatment ]I （conventional fertilization） could get the highest rice yield, but it had higher chalkiness ratio and poor eating quality; the treatment IV （quasi Japan rice cultivation ） obtained the lower yield and the best eating quality; the grain yields of the treatment III （organic fertilizer） and V （Dongyang biological fertilizer） were slightly lower than that of the treatment II , but their eating quality get better. [ Conclusion ] The treatment III and treatment V were the more feasible fertilization methods because they both could obtain the higher yield and better eating quality.