南京地区寺庙园林植物群落特征研究

Study on Plant Community Feature in Nanjing Temple Garden

选择了南京地区的10个寺庭和10个寺园作为调查研究对象,运用植物群落学的方法,共记录维管植物146种(含变种),隶属于96属,63科。对各植物群落优势种群、物种丰富度、物种多样性及群落相似性进行了分析,结果表明:①寺庭和寺园的优势树种均为乔木,乔木在整个植物群落中占主导地位;灌木层(0.32株/m2)的总体密度大于乔木层(0.21株/m2)。寺园的乔木密度(2.4株/m2)和灌木密度(4.5株/m2)均大于寺庭。②寺园样地物种丰富度和Simpson指数均高于寺庭样地,反映了寺园样地为寺庙附属绿地,物种丰富度较高,群落层次与结构较合理;乔木层和灌木层的Pielou指数均较高,说明寺庙园林中各树种的数量分布均匀。③各寺园的相似性系数相对高于寺庭,但均未超过50%,反应了寺园中物种的种类相对丰富度较高,相对于树种较少的寺庭,树种重复出现几率明显提高。

10 temple courtyards and 10 temple gardens were chose as the researching object in the Nanjing temples. There were 146 species of vascular （ including varieties ）, which belong to 96 genera and 63 families. The richness index, simpson index, species diversity and similarity index of gardening plant community were analyzed. The results showed ： ①The dominant species of temple courtyards and temple gardens were all trees; The density of shrub layer （0.32 strains/m^2） was greater than the tree layer （0.21strains/m^2）. ②Both of the simpson index and the Species diversity in temple garden plots were higher than the temple courtyard plots ;The pielou index were on a higher level both in the tree layer and the shrub layer, which indicated that quantities of each tree species were on a average level. ③The similarity index in temple gardens was higher than the temple courtyards, both less than 50% , which indicated that the repetitong rate of each tree species was obvious greater in the temple gardens than in the temple courtyards.