留守儿童和非留守儿童错误信念理解能力的比较

Comparative Study of False Belief Understanding between Left-over Children and General Children

为考察留守儿童与父母双方均在身边的儿童的错误信念理解能力是否存在差异,初步探讨留守儿童错误信念理解的发展情况,随机抽取河南省144名4-5岁双亲外出留守儿童、单亲外出留守儿童和非留守儿童参与实验,对他们实施接受意外地点任务和意外内容任务两个测试。结果表明,单亲外出留守儿童和非留守儿童的测试成绩显著高于双亲外出留守儿童;单亲外出留守儿童和非留守儿童之间没有显著差异,但非留守儿童完成测试的反应时间显著短于单亲外出留守儿童,即留守儿童的错误信念理解能力的发展水平低于父母在身边的非留守儿童。

A total of 144 four or five-year-old preschoolers were tested in two tasks to investigate the lef-over children＇s ability to understand the false belief. Each age group includes three types of children： the parents-left-for-work children, the parent-left- for-work children and the general children with both parents at home. Each participant was asked to an unseen displacement task and an unexpected contents task. One score was given for each correct answer and the response time was also measured. The results showed that performance in the false belief tasks of the parent-left-for-work and the general children were significant better than the parents-left-for-work children, and there was no significant difference between the parent-left-for- work and the general children. However, the response time of the general children was significant less than the parents-left-for- work children. These findings indicate that the left-over children＇s ability to understand the false belief is worse than the general children with both parents at home.