长江三峡地区远古时期渔业的考古研究

An Archeological Research on the Fishery during Age of Teras in the Yangtse Gorges Region

长江三峡地区鱼类资源丰富,共有各类鱼种多达100余种以上。在三峡地区远古时期的一些人类居住遗址中普遍都发现有大量的鱼类骨骼,不少的遗址中甚至堆积有成层的鱼骨层,鱼骨骼最长的可达1.7米以上。在新石器时代的墓葬中还发现有专门用大鱼为墓主人随葬的现象。经比较发现,三峡长江沿岸地区古居民的肉食生活主要是鱼类,其次是哺乳动物类,而清江流域沿岸古居民的肉食生活多是哺乳动物(兽类)动物,鱼类动物次之。这些丰富的鱼类资源为远古时期居民们的肉食生活提供了方便,从而弥补了三峡地区农业生产经济落后的不足之处。

There were abundant fish resources in the region of the Yangtse Gorges, totally above 100 categories of fishes. A lot of fish bones were discovered at some human resident ruins in the region of Three Gorges during the Age of Teras. At those ruins, fish bones accumulated layer by layer, among which the longest was above 1.7 meters. A special burial service that big fish was buffed along with tomb master was discovered in the graves at the New Stone Age. It was contrasfively found that the foods for ancient inhabitants along the Yangtse Gorges were mainly fish, and then mammals; and that the foods for those along the Qingjian River were just reverse. Those abundant fish resources facilitated the creophagism life for the residents during the Age of Teras, and thus made up for a deficiency of agricultural industry in the region of Three Gorges.