UV-B辐射增强对棉花根系特征及产量品质的影响

Effects of Enhanced UV-B Radiation on Root and Yield of Cotton

【目的】研究在大田栽培和自然光照条件下,人工模拟紫外辐射（UV-B,280-320 nm）增加对棉花生物性状、根系生长、产量和品质之间的影响。【方法】在自然光照的基础上,通过人工增加对棉花UV-B辐射,设置4个处理,每个处理的辐射剂量分别为0（R0）、0.5（R1）、1（R2）和1.5 w/m^2（R3）。研究UV-B辐射增强对棉花生物性状指标,如叶片表观伤害、株高、茎粗、叶面积等以及根系生长指标特征参数、产量和品质的影响。【结果】随着辐射时间的延长和辐射剂量的增强,棉花叶片可见伤害症状越来越严重,R1、R2和R3处理棉花的株高和茎粗与对照R0相比达到了显著差异（P〈0.05）,各个处理之间叶面积差异达到了显著水平,单株干质量达到了极显著水平（P〈0.01）;与对照相比根系形态发生了明显的变化,R1、R2和R3处理分别比对照的根长、根表面积、根平均直径、根密度和根体积都有所减小;各个处理的棉花产量和品质显著低于对照。【结论】UV-B辐射增强使棉花地上部分和根系之间存在密切的直接关系,UV-B辐射强度越大对棉花的影响就越大。

【Objective】The main aim of the present paper was to study the effects of UV-B radiation on biological trait,root growth,yield and germplasm of cotton under the field experiment.【Method】Based on the sun light,4 treatments were designed to inhance UV-B radiation of cotton,the normal dose of every treatment radiation were follows：0 kJ/m2（R0）,0.5 kJ/m2（R1）,1.0 kJ/m2（R2） and 1.5 kJ/m2 respectively.The effect of enhancing UV-B radiation on biological trait index such as leaves,plant height,stem diameter,leaf area and the index of root growth,yield and quality of cotton were investigated.【Result】Results show that with the extension of radiation time and radiation enhanced leaf visible injury became more serious,height and stem diameter of R1,R2 and R3 reached a significant difference（P0.05）,all differences of leaf area treated reached a significant level,dry weight per plant reached a best significant level（P0.01）;compared with the control,the root morphology changed dramatically,length of root of R1,R2 and R3 have been reduced compared with that of control;quality and yield of cotton was significantly lower than that of control.【Conclusion】The enhanced UV-B radiation made a close relation between aerial part and root part of cotton,the greater UV-B radiation,the geater effect on cotton.