不同杀菌剂及混剂对番茄灰霉病菌的室内抑制效果研究

Inhibitory Effects of Different Fungicides and Their Mistures on Tomato Grey Mould in Vitro

【目的】筛选高效、低毒的番茄灰霉病杀菌剂,缓解和治理其抗药性。【方法】在室内离体条件下,采用生长速率法及抑制孢子萌发法测定了几种杀菌剂对番茄灰霉病菌的敏感性。【结果】30%爱苗、50%福美双、40%施灰乐、50%扑海因,对病原菌菌丝生长的EC50值在0.3476~0.7242μg/mL,均小于1μg/mL,番茄灰霉病菌对上述杀菌剂均处于比较敏感的阶段;50%农利灵和65%乙霉威的EC50均大于1μg/mL,敏感程度相对较低。孢子萌发试验中,30%爱苗、50%福美双、50%扑海因对番茄灰霉菌孢子萌发的抑制活性高,EC50值在1.3085~1.3364μg/mL;50%农利灵和40%施灰乐的抑制活性次之,EC50分别为1.5254和1.7774μg/mL;65%乙霉威的抑制活性相对较低,EC50为2.1738μg/mL。【结论】将不同作用机理的杀菌剂50%扑海因与50%福美双以1∶1和1∶2的比例混配,联合毒力测定和评价结果表明相互作用为增效。

【Objectvie and Method】The effects of some fungicides and their mixtures on tomato grey mould（Botrytis cinerea Pers） were tested with the hypha growth rate and spores germination methods in vitro in laboratory.【Result】Results showed that hypha growth,Armure,Thiram,Shihuile and Iprodione had significant inhibition activity,their EC50 s were between 0.347 6 μg/mL and 0.724 2 μg/mL.Vinclozolin and Diethofencarb with EC50s1 μg/mL were less effective.But the spores germination,Armure,Thiramand and Iprodione had good inhibitory actions.Their EC50s were between 1.308 5 μg/mL and 1.336 4 μg/mL.Vinclozolin and Shihuile had less effects（with EC50 of 1.525 4 μg/mL and 1.777 4 μg/mL）.Diethofencarb,with EC50 of 1.525 4 μg/mL and 1.777 4 μg/mL,took second place.【Conclusion】Synergistic inhibition were obtained when Iprodione and Thiram were mixed.