大豆品种耐低磷和对磷肥效应的遗传差异

GENETIC DIFFERENCE OF RESPONSE OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS TO LOW PHOSPHORUS STRESS AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER

大豆不同品种对低磷胁迫和磷肥效应有显著的遗传差异。低磷胁迫下，苗期植株叶片酸性磷酸酶活性（APA）和叶面积与品种的子粒产量呈极显著相关;APA、叶面积、干物质量和氮积累量与生物学产量呈显著或极显著相关。但在施磷条件下，它们之间则无相关关系。这表明APA、叶面积、干物质量和氨积累量可作为耐低磷基因型的筛选指标。试验表明，耐低磷能力弱的品种对磷肥反应更为敏感。在低磷和施磷条件下产量均较高的品种也是存在的，它们对不同的磷素营养环境有着广泛的适应性，进一步挖掘这类基因型很有意义。

A pot culture experiment was conducted in greenhouse. The results showed that the genetic difference of response of sixteen spring soybean cultivars to low-P stress arid P fertilizer were significant. There were correlations between leaf acid phosphotase activity (APA). leaf area of plant in vegetutive growing phase and seed yield, and between APA, leaf area, shoot dry weight and N content and biologycal yield under low-P stress condition, but no correlation between them under P fertilizer application cnodition. It indicated that these charactristicses can be used as indexes of screening low-P tolerant soybean genotypes. The intolerant cultivars to low-P stress was more sensitive to p fertilizer than tolerant ones. The cultivars which has higher yield under low-P and p fertilizer application conditions was also found in the experiment. therefore, it is important to furtherly screen this type of genotypes from soybean germplasm.