不同小麦品种(品系)耐缺锰能力的比较研究

STUDY ON TOLERANCE OF DIFFERENT WHEAT CULTIVARS OR LINES TO MANGANESE DEFICIENCY

在四川平原水旱轮作的缺锰土壤上，采用田间和盆栽试验相结合的方法研究了15个不同小麦品种（品系）的耐缺锰能力。结果表明，不同小麦品种的耐缺锰能力存在很大差异。多数小麦品种对缺锰敏感，少数品种具有较强的耐性。其中，小麦品系“80-8”既具有较强的耐缺锰能力，也是供试小麦品种中产量最高的，在缺锰土壤上具有很好的推广应用价值。通过盆栽试验可对不同小麦品种进行初步筛选。在缺锰条件下，不同小麦品种间地上部锰浓度没有显著差异，不宜作为判别小麦耐缺锰能力的指标。缺锰可见症状与缺锰耐性有较好的一致性，可作为初步筛选指标。田间试验相对产量是最可靠的鉴定指标。根系发达，根冠比较高是小麦耐缺锰的一个重要因素。

In Mn-deficient soil of rlce-wheat rotetion ln Sichuan Plain. tolerant of fifteen wheat cultivars or lines to Mn- deficient was Studied in field and pot experiment. The resuits showed that there were considerable differences in tolerance to Mn-deficient among these varieties. Most of wheat varieties were susceptive to Mn-deficient and just a few varieties had high tolerance. Among different wheat varities. variety'80-8' was the most tolerant to Mn-deficient and the highest in grain yield, so it is very useful for application in Mn-deficient soils. Different wheat varieties can be screened preliminarily by pot experiment. Under Mn-deficient condition, Mn concentration of. shoot in different cultivars had no significant difference, therefore it could not be used as an index to identify tolerant ability to Mn-deficient. Being consistent with tolerant abilities, visual scores for Mn-deficient symptoms can be used as an index for preliminary screening. Relative grain yield in field experiment is a final index to distinguish different varieties in Mn tolerance. Vigorous root growth and high root-shoot ratio are very important factors for Mn-efficient varieties.