美国社会转型时期的职业教育管理体制改革

The Reform of Vocational Education Management System in the Transitional Era of the USA

美国在20世纪60年代和90年代这两个重要的社会转型时期,为了满足社会经济发展对职业技术人才的需求,对职业教育管理体制进行了重大的改革。他们通过不断完善职业教育立法、增加职业教育投入、规范资金管理模式和设置统一的国家职业教育研究机构等措施,加强联邦政府对职业教育的统筹管理,形成了较为完善的职业教育管理体制,促进了职业教育事业的健康发展。其成功经验对我国社会转型时期的职业教育管理体制改革具有一定的借鉴作用。

The USA has drastically reformed its vocational education system in the 60s of the twenties century and the 1990s, which are two important periods for social transformation to meet the demand for professional personnel boosted by economic development. In order to promote the healthy development of the vocational education, the USA adopt a series of practical measures, such as improving vocational education legislation,increasing the funding for education, normalizing the model of fund management, and setting up a unified national vocational education research institutions. Its successful experience has certain reference to Chinese vocational education management system reform in the Transitional Era.