大青山南坡人工油松林水土保持效益研究

Soil and Water Conservational Effects of Artificial Pinus tabulaeformis Forest on South Slope of Daqing Mountain

森林和水是生态系统中最活跃、最有影响的两个因素。水是生命之源，森林不仅为人们提供木材、林产品、能源，而且维持着生态平衡。大青山南坡属干旱土石山区，50～60年代以来,大规模地开展了试验造林和义务造林，造林地区已基本成林，历年来选择的造林树种达40多种。但从目前各造林树种的适应性和生长情况来看，油松、杨树、柠条、山杏表现较好，在干旱阳坡坡度较大地段．油松、柠条生长良好，是该地区造林的先锋树种．并形成了一定规模。油松胸径已达10～15cm，树高达3～4m，并有天然更新，发挥着很好的水土保持作用。为了对大青山南坡人工油松林水保效益做出系统、全面的研究，由内蒙古科委列专项，由内蒙古水科院成立课题组于1987～1992年进行了定点、定位观测研究并取得了系列科研成果。

Forestry and water are the movest factors in ecousystem. Water is the sotlrce of life.Forestry not only provides timber wood products, energy for human need, but also maintainsthe balance of eco-system. The south slope of Daqlng mountain is belong to dry soil-stone one.Since the fifties and sixties of the century, this hilly region has been carried out large scaleforestation and got basic success. The selected tree species in the past are more 40, but in theview of suitability and growth situation of trees, Pinus tabulaeformis, Populus bolleanaCaragana korshinskii and Prunus armeniaca are better ones. Especially in the drought southernslope of hillyfleld. Pinus tabulaeformis and Caragana korshinskii grow well. Some of them is 3～4 m high, and 10 ho 15 cm in diameter. In order to give the systematical analysis on Pinustabulaeformis; effect of soil and water conservation. under the fund support of inner Mongolian Science and Technical Commission, we have carried out the project from 1987 to 1992, andgot a series of results.