高乡与低乡:杭嘉湖的地域环境与水利变化(1368-1928)

A Preliminary Study on the Changes of the Regional Environment and Water Conservancy in Zhexi Area (1368-1928)

宋代以来的杭嘉湖地区,构成了一个统一的区域共同体。但区域内部的环境差异与不同的水利惯行,对地方民生与政府调控产生着深刻影响。按照传统治水理论的分划,这里处在一个明显的治水工作之过渡地带,湖州和嘉兴部分地区完全处在治水的核心,杭州的不少山区已居于治水之边缘地带,其重要性无法与滨太湖地区相颉颃。从明代至民国,水利的规划与实践趋向组织化,各县的水利动议与经费调配在省级政府的统筹背景下,开始自理各地水利,这是现代国家建立后与传统时代的巨大不同。

It was a well-known unified region for Zhexi consisted of Hangzhou,Jiaxing and Huzhou from the Song dynasty.And there were different surroundings and water conservancy habits which always affected local lives and governmental control deeply.According to the traditional water conservancy theory,zhexi located in an obvious transition zone for regulating rivers and watercourses that huzhou and jiaxing belonged to the core of Jiangnan delta water conservancy,but most of Hangzhou the brink.Every county handled the local water conservancy by itself when the water conservancy projects and expenditure arrangement were under the province's control with the organization of water conservancy plans and practices from the Ming dynasty to the Republic of China.