HIV感染者安全套使用情况及影响因素分析

Condom use and related factors among HIV-positives in four counties in China

目的了解人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者的安全套使用情况及影响因素。方法2006年1月-2008年6月,采用方便抽样方法,对946例被告知HIV阳性的感染者采用匿名问卷调查法调查其一般情况、艾滋病知识知晓情况、被告知HIV阳性检测结果后的性行为及安全套使用情况等。结果调查对象经吸毒感染占22.1%,经性传播感染占69.6%。艾滋病知识知晓率为93.4%;655人过去6个月发生过性行为,平均安全套使用率为55.3%;97人最近1次与固定性伴发生性行为时使用了安全套。单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析结果均显示,不同民族（OR=5.61,95%CI=1.66-18.94）、免费安全套的可及性（OR=0.33,95%CI=0.13-0.85）、家庭人均月收入（OR=0.26,95%CI=0.10-0.69）等因素与最近1次性行为时是否使用安全套有关。结论知晓自己感染状态的HIV阳性人群艾滋病知晓率普遍较高,但仍有相当数量的感染者发生性行为时不能坚持使用安全套甚至不使用安全套,危险性行为的发生率仍然较高。

Objective To understand condom use and related factors among people who knew their HIV-positive status in four counties in China.Methods A total of 946 HIV-positives were conveniently selected in four counties in China.The survey was conducted from June to Decenmber of 2008 with self-administered anonymous questionnaire to collect information on demographic characteristics,AIDS awareness,HIV testing and informing service,and related risk sexual behaviors among patients who were informed of their HIV-positive status from Jan 2006 through Jun 2008.Results Among the patients,22.1% were infected through injecting drugs and 69.6% through sexual transmission.The awareness rate of AIDS was 93.4% and 655 had sexual behaviors in the last six months.The average rate of condom use was 55.3%,and 97 patients used condoms correctly when having sex last time.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio of ethnicity was 5.61（95%CI=1.66-18.91）;access to condom was 0.33（95%CI=0.13-0.85）;family monthly income per capita was 0.26（95%CI=0.10-0.69） and that for participation in HIV group activities during last six months was 3.70（95%CI=1.46-9.40）.Conclusion The rate of AIDS awareness among patients who were informed of their HIV-positive status is generally high and there is still a large number of positives who do not use condom when having sex.