EeRCCA:一种能量有效的传感器网络覆盖控制算法

EeRCCA:An Energy Efficient Range Based Coverage Control Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

针对已有算法中边界节点过早死亡和网络能耗不均问题,本文提出了一种能量有效的分布式覆盖控制算法EeRC-CA。EeRCCA采用多启动和能量自适应竞争相结合的策略,减缓边界节点过早死亡;在协同节点选举中,依据当前节点与启动节点、邻居协同节点间的距离和剩余能量的权值,合理调整避退时间,均衡网络能耗,延长网络生存周期。仿真结果表明EeRCCA可以保证完全覆盖和连通,在工作节点数目和覆盖率方面与RBSS算法基本相当,在不增加额外控制开销的条件下,可以显著延长网络生命期。

Aiming at early death of border nodes and imbalance of energy load at existing coverage control algorithm RBSS in wireless sensor networks, an improved distributed energy efficient coverage control algorithm（EeRCCA） is proposed. EeRCCA adopts a joint strategy of multi-starting and adaptive energy competition in staring node election to reduce early death of border nodes. An adaptive back-off method based on the weight of residual energy and distances from staring node and other neighbor cooperative nodes is adopted to adjust the back-off time appropriately for electing the cooperative nodes. The validity of EeRCCA in different network size and node density is verified, simulation results show that EeRCCA can guarantee complete coverage and connectivity and its performance of number of working nodes and coverage ratio is approximately equal to RBSS. Compared with RBSS, EeRCCA can extend the network life significantly without additional control overheads.