肺炎支原体感染与婴幼儿哮喘

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection and Infantile Asthma

呼吸道感染是婴幼儿哮喘发病的重要因素,肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae,Mp)与婴幼儿哮喘的关系是近年研究的热点之一。Mp作为社区获得性常见病原体之一在婴幼儿感染率有增高趋势。Mp感染导致婴幼儿哮喘初次和反复发作可能的机制为:Mp感染可直接损伤呼吸道上皮细胞、影响细胞及体液免疫、粘液分泌和呼吸道上皮内神经调节机制紊乱;反复发作与呼吸道对刺激因子呈现高反应性、呼吸道慢性炎症及婴幼儿特应性体质有关。大环内酯类药物具有抗炎和免疫调节作用,用于治疗Mp相关喘息性疾病时取得了一定疗效。

Infant respiratory tract infections play great roles in asthma development. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one kind of common community acquired pathogens. The rates of infant mycoplasma pneumoniae infection rise in recent years. More researches show mycoplasma pneumonia is related with infantile asthma based on the following mechanisms：mycoplasma pneumoniae infection can directly damage respiratory tract epithelium, disturb molecular and humoral immunity, stimulate mucus secretion and dysfunction the neuroregulation of respiratory tract epithelium. Recurrent infantile asthma exacerbation is related with the hyperreactivity and chronic inflammation of respiratory tract especially in atopic infants. As macrolides has antiinflammatory and immmunoregulation function, there are curative effects when used in treating mycoplasma pneumoniae related wheezing.