高强度聚焦超声致新西兰兔骨骼肌失神经萎缩的试验研究

Experimental study of rabbit skeletal muscle denervation atrophy by image-guided high intensity focused ultrasound

目的评价高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)使活体新西兰兔小腿肌肉重塑形的可行性及安全性。方法利用声强1300W/cm2的HIFU辐照12只新西兰兔一侧坐骨神经。分别于术后15、30、60d观察坐骨神经组织病理学改变,腓肠肌和比目鱼肌萎缩变化情况,并作综合评价。结果所有实验动物都发生了神经损伤症状。术后15、30、60d辐照侧腓肠肌和比目鱼肌湿重质量与对照侧比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);术后15、30、60d辐照侧腓肠肌肌细胞直径、截面积与对照侧比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);术后15、30、60d辐照侧坐骨神经均发生明显组织病理学改变。结论HIFU可以在不损伤新西兰兔皮肤的情况下损伤其坐骨神经,从而导致相关骨骼肌发生失神经萎缩。通过进一步研究,本方法有望应用到咬肌肥大或腓肠肌肥大的治疗上。

Objective To evaluate the possibility and safety to make use of image-guided high intensity focused ultrasound （HIFU） to contour the calf of the rabbits in vivo. Methods One of sciatic nerves of 12 rabbits was irradiated by HIFU,under the guidance of ultrasound imaging. The other side was control. The observation time was 15,30,60d after HIFU treatment. The weight of gastrocnemius muscles and soleus muscle was measured. Histological analysis of gastrocnemius muscles and nerve sections at the HIFU site were performed. Results The noticeable symptoms of claudication were found in all the rabbits. The qualities of gas trocnemius muscle and soleus muscle were significantly different between the two groups at 15,30,60d （P〈0.01）. The myocyte diameter and cross section were significant difference between the two groups at 15,30,60d（P〈0.01）. Degeneration of the sciatic nerves at the HIFU site was confirmed by histological methods at 15,30,60d. Conclusion It is safe and reliable to use HIFU bloc king the sciatic nerves of rabbits without skin damage,and cause calf denervation atrophy.