某大学不同国籍一年级新生正畸就诊意识与自身治疗指征的初步调查

A comparative study of orthodontic awareness and treatment need in freshmen of a university from China,India and Nepal

目的了解重庆地区中国、印度、尼泊尔籍大学生的正畸就诊意识、治疗指征,探讨种族、性别、经济文化差异的影响。方法对468名18～22岁的重庆医科大学不同国籍大一新生进行正畸就诊意识相关问卷调查,并依照牙齿健康(DHC)标准给予检查、记录,应用SAS9.13软件行卡方检验、FISHER精确概率分析。结果三国大学生的正畸就诊意识、就诊率(35.82%)均较低,中国的大于印度、尼泊尔的,男大于女,各收入组间差异无统计学意义。不同国籍间、性别间的治疗指征差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);DHC等级:中国的大于印度、尼泊尔,女大于男,中等收入组较高。该群体牙齿错位、深覆比例较高,且中国大于尼泊尔大于印度、女大于男。结论重庆地区中国、印度、尼泊尔籍大学生的正畸就诊意识偏低,与人群治疗指征相关性较差,有必要强化口腔正畸知识宣教。

Objective To assess the orthodontic awareness and treatment need of Chongqing medical university students from China, India and Nepal,and to probe the effect of sex, economic status on both targets. Methods The freshmen of Chongqing medical university were taken randomly . The subjects answered a simple questionnaire on orthodontic awareness and treatment need of the subjects was assessed based on clinical examination using the DHC Index. Then the awareness level and treatment need of the subjects together with the effect of sex and economic background on both targets were analysized by chi-square test and Fischer Exact test with SAS 9.13. Results Both the orthodontic awareness and the rate of received orthodontic treatment from three coun tries students were low, but the China group seemed to be on the highest level, the India group was middle, and the Nepal group was the lowest. There was no significant difference among the groups with different economic status. The treatment need of freshmen from China,India and Nepal had no significant difference （P〉0.05） ,the different sex groups either. DHC grade from high to low was China,India,Nepal,female was higher than male,the middle income group had a higher treatment need. Among all of the deformities,tooth malposition and deep overbite took up the highest percentage in the subjects,and from high to low was China,Nepal,India,female was higher than male. Conclusion The general orthodontic awareness level seemed to be un-satisfactory in the three groups. The co-relation between their awareness level and malocclusion problems seemed to be poor. It is necessary to do more work to improve the orthodontic awareness of freshmen from China, India and Nepal, and satisfy their treatment willingness.