2008年中央补助山西省地方性氟中毒防治项目调查结果分析

Outcome analysis on the technique scheme of endemic fluorosis prevention granted by central government in Shanxi Province in 2008

目的了解山西省氟中毒病区水氟分布和改水降氟工程现状,为加快地方性氟中毒防治工作提供科学依据。方法根据国家《地方病防治项目技术方案》,对山西省4个市42个县(市、区)进行调查,水氟检测采用氟离子选择电极法。结果共筛查了945个村的饮水水样,水氟均值≤1.0mg/L的村为527个(占55.77%),水氟均值>1.0mg/L的村有418个(占44.23%)。其中调查村最大平均值为6.18mg/L。调查了495处降氟改水工程,水氟超标工程为285个(占57.58%),水氟最大值为10.52mg/L。结论山西省高氟水源分布范围广,防治形势依然严峻,今后应进一步加大改水工作力度。

Objective To master the distribution of water fluoride and the present status of water-improving and defluoridation projects in the endemic fluorosis areas in Shanxi Province in order to make scientific and effective tactics in fluorosis prevention and control. Methods According to ＂The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control＂, the investigation points were selected in 42 counties. The fluoride levels of water were determined by fluoride selective ion electrode. Results The fluoride content of 527 villages were ≤1.0 mg/L, accounting for 55.77% （527/945）. Water fluorides content of 418 villages were 〉1.0 mg/L, accounting for 44.23% （418/945）. The highest water fluoride content was 6.18 mg/L. Water fluoride content of 495 water-improving and defluoridation projects had been determined, and the water fluoride content of 285 projects were 〉1.0 mg/L （accounting tor 57.58%）. The highest water fluoride content was 10.52 mg/L. Conclusion Drinking water source with high fluoride are widespread distributed in Shanxi province. The task of prevention and control for endemic fluorosis is still arduous. Water-improving and defluoridation needs to be strengthened to raise the effect of prevention and control.