美洲黑石斑鱼营养成分分析与营养价值评价

Analysis of Nutrient and Evaluation of Nutritional Value for Centropristis striata

测定了美洲黑石斑(Centropristis striata)幼鱼全鱼、成鱼肌肉的主要营养成分(蛋白质、脂肪、水分、灰分、钙、磷)的含量及鱼肉中微量元素、氨基酸及脂肪酸的含量,评价了其营养价值,并与其它鱼类和畜禽动物进行比较。结果表明,美洲黑石斑鱼体干物质含量较高,蛋白含量高;肌肉中17种氨基酸总量占鲜样的17.51%;其中,7种必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的41.58%,与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为84.46%,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为57.71,基本符合FAO/WHO的标准。5种鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的44.37%,支链/芳香族氨基酸的值为2.83。肌肉中含有22.3%的多不饱和脂肪酸达,尤其富含有EPA和DHA。根据AAS、CS评价和综合分析认为,其是一种味美、营养价值高、有很大开发潜力的鱼类,同时为下一步配制人工配合饲料和扩大养殖提供参考数据。

In this experiment, the contents of the main nutrients such as protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium and phosphorus were analysed, and the contents of the trace elements, amino acids and fatty acids in its muscle were determined for Centropristis striata. Moreover, its nutritional value was evaluated and compared with other fishes,livestocks and poultries. The results showed that the content of dry matter and protein are higher in its muscle. Then, all of 17 common amino acids（AA） contents in muscle was 17.51% in the fresh sample, and 7 of them are human essential amino acids（EAA）41.58% in the total amino acids（TAA）. The ratio of essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids（EAA/NEAA） was 84.46% ,and the essential amino acids index（EAAI） was 57.71. According to AAS and CS,which basically accorded with the issued standard value by FAO and WHO. The content of 5 delicious amino acids was 44.37% in the TAA, and the ratio of branched chain amino acids to aromatic amino acids was 2.83. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was 22.3% rich in its muscle also, in particular EPA and DHA. In conclusion, Centropristis striata is a species of delicious and high nutritional value,which well deserves exploitation and utilization. At the same time, this experiment was preparing for the next study to provide reference data for artificial feed and the expansion of aquaculture.