中心地—腹地系统研究中的若干问题

Some New Thoughts on Central Place-Hinterland System

针对传统的中心地—腹地理论与现实的矛盾,提出了一些新的观点。认为生产要素在空间上的流动具有相对主体的不对称性、趋利性和相互替代性等特点;同时提出了"准腹地"和"飞地型腹地"的概念;论证了区域经济不平衡条件下中心城市腹地的不对称性。在此基础上提出通过"功能区域"、以节点和网络界定城面、通过企业腹地研究城市腹地等新的思路。

After commenting on some defects of traditional theories on the relationship between cities and regions, this paper presents a series of new viewpoints in two aspects. The first aspect concerns the characteristics of spatial flow of essential factors of production. The paper suggests that the flow in space to different subjects is asymmetric and is inclined to high-profit regions ; and that information flow in space can in some degree substitute for the flow of materials. The second aspect is about the relationship between central place and its economic hinterland. The paper argues that, to economic hinterland , the intensity of attraction and radiation of cities is not always weakening at distance ; that a city can be another city＇ s hinterland, and vice versa; and that in an imbalanced regional economy urban hinterland between developed areas and underdeveloped areas is asymmetric. Meanwhile the paper defines ＂para-hinterland＂ and ＂enclave hinterland＂. The former means an areas which has a loose connection with a central city , and often characterized by connecting in one or a few of functional relationships , but the related quantity between the city and the area in a unit area still reaches a certain criterion. The latter means an area which does not joint to a city＇ s main hinterland , but has a rather close economic connection with the city ; The connection can be the flow of essential factors of production, cooperation in producing progress or inner division of labor. Then basing on these basic view-points, the paper opens a new visual angle in urban and regional research which can be done on three levels. The first level is to substitute closed ＂entire-piece area＂ with open ＂functional area＂; the middle level is to control research area with knots and network; and the lowest level is to research urban hinterland through enterprises＇ hinterland.