中国生态补偿的保障机制研究

The Study of Chinese Ecological Compensation Guarantee Mechanism

我国生态补偿机制的理论研究和实践探索起步较晚，目前还有许多方面有待完善，尤其是如何保障生态补偿的顺利实施有待深入研究。本研究简要介绍了生态补偿的概念以及实施机制，然后通过参考国内外理论研究进展和实践经验对生态补偿保障机制进行综合的阐述，主要包括“补偿标准的核算体系”、“补偿费用征收机制”、“补偿费用使用的机制”、“补偿费用使用的监督机制”这几个方面，并结合山东省南四湖退耕还湿生态补偿实例进行分析，最后针对生态补偿保障机制存在的一些问题，提出对我国生态补偿机制实施和监督保障体系建立的建议。

The exploration of ecological compensation practice in China started relatively late, there are still many imperfections in the guarantee mechanism of ecological compensation especially about how to insure the smooth implementation for ecological compensation mechanism while some success have been achieved. First of all, this study briefly introduced the concept of ecological compensation and the mechanisms of implementation then elaborated the guarantee mechanism of ecological compensation comprehensively by referring to the theoretical research progress and practical experiences both at other provinces and abroad. Through anglicizing the ecological compensation example of Nansi Hu in Shandong province about putting arable land back into wetlands, the guarantee mechanism of ecological compensation was discussed from aspects like the ＂accounting system of compensation standard＂, ＂collection mechanism of compensation fees＂, ＂utilization mechanism of compensation fees＂, ＂surveillance mechanism of the use of compensation fees＂ and so on. Finally, aiming at the current situation of ecological compensation in China, we also bring forward several appropriate guarantee mechanism.