“反思型执业者”的培养——唐纳德·舍恩的“反思性实践”理论及其对专业学位教育的影响

Educating the Reflective Practitioner:Donald Schn's Theory of Reflective Practice and Its Impact on Professional Education

20世纪80年代,唐纳德·舍恩提出了"反思型执业者"这一概念,对美国专业学位教育产生了深远影响。基于舍恩于1987年出版的《反思型执业者的教育》一书,本文在剖析当时美国专业学位教育困局的基础上,介绍了"反思性实践"及其在学习过程中的重要性,以及设置"反思性实践课"的必要性和重要性。

Donald Schon has had a tremendous impact on professional education in the United States ever since he put forth the concept of reflective practitioner. Based on his famous book Educating the Reflective Practitioner, which was published in 1987 by Jossey-Bass, this article introduces the process of reflective practice, its meaning in professional learning, as well as the necessity and importance of reflective practicum, after briefly describing the dilemma of professional education at a time when the book was published.