矿区复垦中添加污泥的研究

Research on the Application of Sludge in Abandoned Mining Area Reclamation

[目的]考察污泥在矿区废弃地复垦中的作用。[方法]将煤矸石、粉煤灰和污泥按不同质量配比混合,构成矿区复合基质,并在复合基质上种植白三叶草进行试验。通过考察不同配比基质对白三叶草出苗率、根冠比和生长指数的影响,研究污泥的添加对矿区废弃地复垦的作用。[结果]粉煤灰、煤矸石、污泥质量配比为20∶60∶20、20∶40∶40和20∶50∶30的复合基质上种植的白三叶草出苗较早较全,易于出芽和幼苗生长;白三叶草相对应的生长指数分别为0.19、0.17和0.18,虽然相比对照有所降低,但可以通过补栽等方法提高白三叶草相对存活率,从而提高生长指数。[结论]污泥的适量添加(添加量在20%～40%)可以为植株生长提供较为充足的养分,促进白三叶草的生长,有望加快矿区废弃地的复垦。

[ Objective ] The role of sludge in abandoned mining area reclamation was explored. [ Method ] The experiment in the white clover growth in the complex substrates consisting of coal gangue, fly ash and sludge at different weight ratio and germination rate, ratio of root to shoot and growth index of white clover in the different complex substrates were tested so that the role of sludge in abandoned mining area reclamation was determined. [ Results] In the complex substrates with the ratio of fly ash, coal gangue and sludge of 20：60：20, 20：40：40 or 20： 50：30, the germination and seedling growth of white clover was both early and safety, with the growth index was 0.19,0. 17 and 0.18, respectively, which were decreased compared with these of CK, but other measurements such as replanting could increase the survival rate so as to enhance the growth index of white clover. [ Conclusion] The amount （20% -40% ） of sludge added in complex substrate could supply more adequate nutrients for white clover growth, which was expected to speed up the abandoned mine land reclamation.