高频超声检查评分在鉴别乳腺实性占位良恶性中的价值

Value of ultrasonographic grading with high-frequency probes in distinguishing breast tumors

目的探讨高频超声检查评分方法在鉴别乳腺实性占位性病变良恶性中的价值。方法64例女性患者,年龄(44.5±13.7)岁,共检测到79个占位,高频探头检测乳腺占位性病变的数量、大小、纵横比、形态、边界、包膜、周边有无伪足、后方声衰减、内部回声均匀性、钙化、血流、腋窝有无异常淋巴结等情况,并进行评分,总分10分。结果良性占位组46例,年龄(41.4±12.4)岁,占位59个,数量(1.5±1.3)个/人,直径(55.0±19.2)mm,得分(2.8±2.2)分;恶性占位组18例,年龄(52.4±14.1)岁,占位20个,数量(1.1±0.3)个/人,直径(19.8±8.3)mm,得分(7.3±1.7)分。两组间占位个数、大小无统计学差异,两组间的年龄、评分存在显著差异(P<0.05);乳腺占位的超声检查评分与占位良恶性之间存在明显相关性,r=0.695(P<0.001)。结论采用高频超声检查乳腺占位性疾病并对其进行综合评分,对判断占位的良恶性具有一定的预测价值,评分值愈高,占位恶性的可能性愈大。

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasonographic grading with high-frequency probes in differentiating benign and malignant breast tumors. Methods Sixty-four women （mean age 44.5±13.7 years） with 79 breast tumors underwent high-frequency ultrasonography to examine the tumor number, size, aspect ratio, shape, boundaries, encapsulation, pseudopod, internal and rear echoes, calcifications, blood perfusion, abnormity lymph nodes in the axilla. The tumors were graded based on these findings using a 10-point grading system. Results Between the 46 women with benign tumors and 18 with malignant tumors, no significant differences were found in the mean tumor number 0.5±1.3 vs 1.1±0.3, P〉0.05） or size （55.0±19.2 mm vs 19.8±8.3 mm, P〉0.05）, but the mean age （41.4±12.4 years vs 52.4＋14.1 years） and ultrasonographic grade （2.8±2.2 vs 7.3±1.7, P〈0.05） differed significantly. The ultrasonographic grade of the breast tumors showed an obvious correlation to the nature of the tumors （r=0.695, P〈0.001）. Conclusion Grading of breast tumors with high-frequency ultrasonography helps evaluate the nature of the tumors, and a higher score suggests increased probability of malignancy.