我国土地荒漠化防治技术体系研究进展

Advances in the Technology-system of Land Desertification Control in China

荒漠化防治技术体系包括荒漠化防治技术构建的理论基础、荒漠化防治技术及模式。从沙漠物理学、荒漠化的生态学机制、沙漠生物学3个方面,对荒漠化防治技术构建的理论基础进行了阐明;从干旱、半干旱、半湿润、湿润4个气候地带的区域范围,分析了我国荒漠化防治技术及模式,分析发现我国荒漠化防治技术及模式表现出3个特点:综合性、多样性、兼顾性。荒漠化治理应加强荒漠化土地承载力、荒漠区水分平衡与植被覆盖度的关系;荒漠化防治模式的效果与可持续性等方面的研究。我国南方湿润地区岩溶荒漠化、风蚀荒漠化等现象也较严重,且缺乏系统全面的研究,相关防治技术及模式也不多,因此还应加强对南方湿润区土地荒漠化防治研究。

The technology-system of land desertification control includes the theoretical foundation of building desertification control technology and the techniques and patterns of controlling desertification. This paper deals with the theoretical foundation of building desertification control technology from three aspects of the desert physics, the ecological mechanisms of land desertification, and the desert biology, and analyzes the techniques and patterns of controlling land desertification in China from four climate regional scopes that are the arid, semi-arid, semi-humid and humid. Three characteristics are found in the techniques and patterns of controlling land desertification in China： comprehensiveness, diversity, compatibility. Researches should be strengthened on the capacity of desertification land, the correlation between the water balance and vegetation cover in desertification zones, the effectiveness and sustainability of pat- terns of controlling land desertification. In the South areas of China, karst desertification and wind erosion desertification are also more serious and lack of systematic reseach. And the techniques and patterns of controlling land desertification are few in the humid land of southern China, therefore the research should focus on strengthening desertification land control.