建国初期司法改革运动述评

A Review of the Judicial Reform Movement in the Early Years of the P.R.C.

建国初期的司法改革运动是新中国法制建设史上的重大事件。开展此次运动是当时巩固人民政权、实行人民民主专政、维护革命秩序的要求,成绩很大。但是由于对旧法观点包括西方资本主义国家的法律思想未能采取实事求是的态度而予以全盘否定,对新中国后来的法制建设和法学发展产生了不可低估的负面影响。回顾、总结此次运动的经验和教训,正确处理法律的阶级性与普世性、司法与政治、司法官职业化与司法大众化以及司法程序化与司法便民化之间的关系,对于当前进行的司法体制和工作机制改革具有重要的现实意义。

The judicial reform movement in the early years of the P.R.C.was a significant event in the history of the legal system development in the China.It is inevitably required so as to consolidate people's government in power,implement people's democratic dictatorship,and keep the order of revolution.It has achieved greatly.On the other hand,this movement exerted a considerable negative influence on the future development of the legal system and the jurisprudence as it didn't seek truth from facts,but thoroughly denied the preceding opinions on law.As far as the ongoing reform of judicial system and working system is concerned,it is of practical significance to review and summarize the experience and lessons from this movement so as to cope well with four types of relationship:class nature of law and universalness of law,justice and politics,professionalization of judiciaries and popularization of justice as well as formalization of justice and accessibility of justice.