近代西方传教士在新疆的慈善救助活动

Study on the Religious Social Relief of the Western Missionaries in Xinjiang

为了扩大天主教、基督教在新疆的影响,西方传教士在新疆开设了医院、学校、孤儿院等慈善机构,通过这些机构参与了近代新疆的社会救助,客观上对近代新疆的社会救助产生了一定的积极影响。在这一过程中,西方近代的救助理念传入新疆,新疆社会救助呈现出近代化发展趋势;传教士的宗教慈善救助也呈现出世俗化的发展趋势。

In order to spread the Gospel and expand the religious influence of the Catholicism and Christianity in Xinjiang,western Missionaries established charitable organizations,such as hospitals,schools and orphanages during 1883-1938.Through the activities of these organizations,the Missionaries participated in the social relief program of Xinjiang,and produced positive impacts on the establishment of modern social relief system of Xinjiang.Within this process,the concept of western relief was introduced into Xinjiang,and a shift from traditional social relief pattern to modern social relief pattern was formed in Xinjiang.After analysis of the Missionaries activities and charitable relief history of Xinjiang,we can find the influence was mutual:the social assistance of Xinjiang showed the trend of modern development in early 20th century,and the religious charitable relief of western Missionaries appeared the secular trend in the context of the special social structure of Xinjiang.