最简方案框架下的现代汉语作格结构生成研究

On the Derivation of Ergative Construction in the Framework of The Minimalist Program

作格动词是由表"致使"意义,含有[+Tr]句法特性的及物动词,经过非致使化派生而来的不及物动词,表达明确的持续性事件的结果。由于Pr中的DECAUS屈折性功能词的作用,及物动词的外部论元角色被压制,外部论元位置为空,[Tr[Tr,V]]失去了核查宾语格的能力,作格结构表现为明显的事件性特征,T的[+D]特征必须得到核查。在EPP特征和格特征核查驱动下,内部论元必须前移到主语的位置。

Ergative verbs are derived intransitives via decausativization from their transitive counterparts,which convey a ＂causative＂ semantic content and contain a [ ＋ Tr] syntactic property,and express results of a definite continuous event. Owing to the function of the functional category DECAUS in Pr, the external argument of the basic transitive verb is absorbed,the external argument position unthematized,the amalgam [ Tr[Tr, V]] deprived of the ability to check the Accusative case of the object. [ ＋ D] feature of T must be checked since the ergative construction demonstrates generally an evident eventive character. Motivated by the necessity to check the EPP and Case feature, the internal argument has to move upward to the subject position.