抗战时期晋察冀边区村政权的演变

The Evolution of Village Political Power in Jin-Cha-Ji Border Areas during the Resistance War Period

抗战前晋察冀乡村权力的主角绅士"去农民化"凸显,已沦为"赢利型经纪",乡村政权痞化;且乡村权力组织(包括宗族制、牌户制、闾邻制、保甲制和山西"村制")之职能主要向催征钱粮、征收摊款、指派劳役等倾斜,社会矛盾异常尖锐。中国共产党审时度势,在抗日根据地发动群众,通过村选来改造旧政权。健全组织机构,实行"三三制"、简政,晋察冀边区最终普遍建立起代表大多数人利益的民主村政权。

Before the Sino- Japanese War, the gentry, who were the leading roles of traditional village power, were away from the peasants farther and farther, they had been the profit - based agents. The village political power de- teriorated. Furthermore, the major responsibilities of the organizational forms of traditional village power clan system, Paihu system, Lvlin system, Baojia system and the village system in Shanxi Province were levy money and grain, the collection of assessments, assignment of labor etc. Which made an exception sharp social contradictions. The Communist Party of China assessed the situation and mobilized the masses to changed the old political power. By making the organizational structure sound ,implementing ＂three -three＂ system and controlling the amount of organizational structure , the democratic village political power which represented the interests of the majority of peo- ple were generally set up in the end in Jin -cha -ji border areas.