注意缺陷多动障碍不同亚型男性患儿的自我意识特征研究

Investigation on self-concept characteristics of boys with different subtypes of ADHD

目的:了解不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿的自我意识特点。方法:采用二阶段流行病学调查方法对湖南省9495名儿童及其家长进行问卷调查,对符合DSM-IV诊断标准的ADHD患儿和正常儿童采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表做进一步调查。结果:①ADHD三种亚型及对照组儿童的自我意识量表中除在躯体外貌和合群因子两个分项中组间差异无统计学意义外,其余分项中组间差异均具有统计学意义。②两两分析比较在行为因子和量表总分两个分项中三种亚型与对照组相比均有统计学差异,而多动冲动型和混合型在智力与学校因子与对照组相比有统计学差异;混合型在焦虑因子与对照组相比有统计学差异;多动冲动型在幸福因子与对照组相比有统计学差异。结论:ADHD不同亚型儿童与对照组相比在自我意识量表各分项中表现出不一致的特点,尤其以多动冲动型和混合型的自我意识评分在更多的分项中表现更低。

Objective ： To understand the self - concept characteristics of boys with different subtypes of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） . Methods： 9 495 children and their parents were surveyed by a questionnaire, then the children diagnosed as ADHD and the normal children were surveyed by Piers -Harris Children＇s Self- concept Scale ulteriorly. Results： （1）There was significant difference in subtypes of ADHD between ADHD group and control group, except 3 subtypes, physical appearance factor and popularity factor. （2）There was significant difference in behavior factor and total score of questionnaire between 3 subtypes of ADHD group and control group ; there was significant difference in intelligence factor and school factor between hyperactive - impulsive type and mixed type of ADHD group and control group; there was significant difference in anxiety factor between mixed type of ADHD group and control group; there was significant difference in eudemonia factor between hyperactive - impulsive type of ADHD group and control group. Conclusion： Different subtypes of ADHD children manifest incongruent self - concept characteristics in the questionnaire, especially hyperactive - impulsive type and mixed type, which manifest lower self- concept scores in more subscales.