ICP-OES法在测定降水中金属离子的研究

Study on Adopting ICP-OES to Determine Metal Ions in Precipitation

本文主要研究了应用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP—OES法）同时测定降水中钾、钠、钙、镁金属离子的应用。通过多次测试待测标准物质，确定各待测元素的最佳分析谱线和仪器的工作参数。根据ICP-OES法测定模拟降水混合标准样品、降水样品及其加标样品的结果，与AAS法（原子吸收分光光度法）进行实验室间比对测定，得出ICP—OES法测定降水中钾、钠、钙、镁各离子的检出限、线性范围、标准偏差、准确度等均比AAS法得到的结果要好。ICP-OES法与国家标准方法——原子吸收分光光度法（GB13580．12—92，GB13580．13—92）相比，具有操作简单、多种元素同时测定、方便快捷、检出限低、线性范围宽、干扰少等优点；有良好的准确度和精密度，相对标准偏差在0．3％～1．5％之间，加标回收率在97％～105％之间；该方法明显优于国家标准方法。

The determination of metal ions such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in the precipitation simultaneously by Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry （ICP-OES） was studied. The optimal analyzing spectrum and instrument parameters for the elements were determined by repeated testing of standard substances. The mixed standard samples simulating precipitation, samples of precipitation and spiking samples were tested adopting ICP-OES and AAS respectively. By comparing the testing results between the two methods, it concluded that for the metals, the obtained parameters including detection limit, linear range, standard deviation and accuracy by ICP-OES were better than that by AAS method. The ICP-OES method had advantages such as simple operation, simultaneous test for multiple elements, convenient and fast operation, low detection limit, wide linear range, less interference, good accuracy and precision, relative standard deviation ranging in 0. 3% - 1.5% , spiking recovery ranging in 97% - 105% and so on. Therefore the ICP - OES method is better than the national standard method.