金属晶粒细化方法的研究现状

Present Research Status for Metals Refinement Methods

细化晶粒是提高材料性能的一种有效手段,本文将材料细化方法分为物理和化学两大类,评述了常见的细化方法如形变处理细化法、物理场细化法、快速冷却细化法、机械物理细化法及添加细化剂和变质剂等,对比了它们的优缺点。物理细化方法处理材料纯净度高,不会对金属熔体带来外来夹杂,细化效果好;化学添加剂法细化效果稳定、作用快、操作方便、适应性强,是目前最普遍的细化方法。

Grain refinement is an effective means to improve the material properties, The refinement methods of material are divided into two major categories（physics and chemistry）. The common methods such as deformation processing, physical field accelerated cooling, mechanical processing, and chemical refining method added to refiner and modifier etc. are reviewed and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. Physical refining methods, dealing with high-purity materials, will not bring about alien non-metallic inclusions, present good thinning effect; Chemical additives thinning method is stable, fast,convenient, and adaptable, it is currently the most common fine method.