契约治理:现代政府的治理变革

Contractual Governance:Change of Modern Government

随着社会的变迁与治理理念的发展,传统的"命令式"政府行为模式正在向现代的"契约式"模式转变。作为一种全新的政府治理模式,契约治理打破了以往政府对公共服务供给的垄断格局,增强和提高了现代政府的民主合法性和公共服务的供给效率。但由于缔约双方存在有限理性、机会主义及信息不对称等因素,契约治理模式中也存在着交易成本、道德风险、逆向选择、寻租腐败等潜在风险。因此,设计相应的防范机制,如承诺机制、激励机制、透明机制、代理权竞争机制等,对提高政府治理绩效具有重要意义。

With the change of the society and development of governance concepts, government behaviors are changing from traditional ＂ command-style＂ pattern to modern ＂ contract-style＂ pattern. Contractual governance, as a new model, has broken the previous governments＇ monopoly in the supply of public goods, and has strengthened the democratic legitimacy of modem governments and raised the efficiency in public goods supplying. However, due to bounded rationality, opportunism, and asymmetric information and so on between both contracting parties, potential risks exist, such as transaction costs, moral hazard, adverse selection, rent-seeking and corruption. So it has great significance for improving the governance performance to design appropriate prevention mechanisms, such as commitment, incentive, transparency, dealership competition and so on.