简论中国高等师范教育史上的“美国模式”

On "the American Model" in the History of Chinese Higher Pedagogical Education

20世纪20年代前后,以美国高等师范教育为蓝本,中国建立起了高等师范教育体制的"美国模式"。它是建立开放式师范教育体制的一次重要尝试,但只存在了短短几年时间即被废止。造成它的夭折的原因是多方面的:对20世纪20年代前后中等教育师资需求的错误判断是"美国模式"覆亡的根本原因,而"美国模式"在制度设计上的缺陷则是其失败的直接原因。"美国模式"的存废对当下教师教育体制的建立和完善具有重要的历史借鉴价值。

Around the 1920s, China had established the higher pedagogical education system which called ＂the American Model＂, based on American higher pedagogical education. It was an important try of constructing the open--end higher pedagogical education system, but was abolished few years later. Its failure was caused by several reasons. The basic reason lied in the false judgment of the secondary education teacher demand, and the direct cause was the deficiency of system design. The establishment and abolition of ＂the American Model＂ has important significance to the improvement of current teacher edueation system.