论中国古代小说的结构

On the Structure of Chinese Ancient Novels

中国古代小说以其内容新鲜活泼、形式不拘一格取胜,在内在逻辑上暗合了民族文化传统的深层心理特征,主要表现为天人合一、因果报应、回归模式等特点。其外在的基本结构主要有单线式、链条式、网络式等形式,体现了缀合性、整体性、空间化等基本特征。在结构方法上,中国古代小说常常使用草蛇灰线法、弄引獭尾法、回环三叠法、虚实相间法等基本方法。中国古代小说还吸收多方面的营养,逐渐形成了一种内涵丰富且呈发展变化趋势的民族传统,构成了中国古代小说独特的结构特征和发展道路,对后世的小说发展产生了深远的影响。

The beauty of Chinese ancient novels lies in the fresh content and the varied structures. The content is logically coincident with the characteristics of the Chinese culture and tradition like the harmony between man and nature, karma and regression model. The structures are mainly patterns of single line, chain and net with the fundamental characteristics of integration, integrity and spatiality. Some basic structural methods are often used like ＂Snake in Grass, line in Gray＂, ＂comparison-reflection＂,＂tri-eircle＂ and ＂falsehood versus reality＂. The structures of Chinese ancient novels are diversified and tradition-specific, which has had a far-reaching effect on the development of the later novels.