棉花根际促生细菌的研究进展

Research advances in cotton growth-promoting rhizobacteria

综述了根际促生细菌(PGPR)的概念、研究手段、基因标记技术和荧光原位杂交技术在研究棉花根际促生细菌中的应用。植物根系可以分泌各种对微生物有益的物质,吸引微生物在根际的聚集。棉花凝集素对根际促生细菌菌株的胞外多糖具有凝集作用,在棉花根际促生细菌与棉花根部相互识别过程中具有重要作用,可以利用棉花凝集素作为筛选工具筛选对棉花具有促生作用的根际促生细菌菌株。基因标记技术证明棉花根际促生细菌能高密度地定殖在棉花根部,对棉花的生长起促进作用,并能抑制某些植物病原菌及根际有害微生物。分子生物学技术在微生物生态学领域的应用促进了棉花根际促生细菌的研究和应用,可以利用棉花根际促生细菌研发微生物肥料。

In this article we reviewed the concept and the researeh methods of PGPR and the applying of gene markers and FISH in the researeh of cotton PGPR. Plant roots could secrete a variety of micro-organisms beneficial substances to attract micro-organisms in the rhizosphere aggregation. Cotton lectins played an important role in cotton root-mierobe interactions since they could serve as receptors for bacterial surfaee polysaccharides. So cotton lectins eould be used as a screening tool for selection of cotton PGPR strains. Genetie markers proved that cotton PGPR could eolonize in the roots of cotton at high popu- lation density, promote cotton growth and inhibit certain cotton pathogens and deleterious microorganisms there. The applying of molecular biology techniques in microbial eeology had largely expanded the study and the application of PGPR, and we eould make use of cotton PGPR to research biofertilizer.