基于水基反应成膜技术的聚合物包膜肥料的研制

Development of water-borne polymer coated fertilizer using reacted layer technology

以3种水基硅丙乳液(SD-528、SD-5281和GA-1710)为材料,利用水基反应成膜技术对这3种材料进行化学改性,制备了聚合物包膜肥料模型膜;研究了模型膜的养分扩散性能,在此基础上研制了水基聚合物包膜肥料;测定了包膜肥料养分释放曲线,并利用红外光声光谱对聚合物膜进行原位表征。结果表明,通过化学交联改性,硅丙基模型膜具有优良的成膜性和扩散性能,不同的乳液对包膜尿素的缓释效果影响显著;GA-1710和SD-528的缓释效果较好,在静态水中的释放时间可达到30 d,而SD-5281缓释性能较差,需要做进一步的化学改性;不同的乳液类型制备的包膜尿素的释放模式也不同,GA-1710累积释放曲线为"S"型,而SD-528为"L"型。因此,利用反应成膜技术,硅丙乳液在水基包膜肥料的研制中具有广阔的应用前景。

Three coating materials of silicones-acrylate emulsions （ GA - 1710, SD - 528, SD - 5281 ） were used to develop model membrane of polymer coated fertilizer through chemical modification （ reacted layer technology）. The nutrient diffu- sion property of model membrane was studied, and the polymer coated urea were developed; the release profiles of urea from the polymer coated urea were detected, and the coated membranes was eharacaterized using mid-infrared photoacoustic spec- troscopy. The results showed that after chemical modification of crosslinker the silicones-acrylate emulsions had excellent properties of film-forming and urea-diffusing, which was suitable for the development of polymer coated fertilizer; the style of urea release was significantly different for different silicones-acrylate emulsion, and the release style of ＂S＂ was observed for GA - 1710, and ＂L＂ for SD -528 and SD -5281. The slow release effects of urea were good for coated materials of GA - 1710 and SD -528, and the release time in static water was 30 days, while the slow release effect for SD -5281 was poor, and further chemical modification should be made. Therefore, water-borne silicones-acrylate emulsion combining reacted layer technology showed great application potential in the development of water based polymer coated fertilizers.