论清末大众传媒视野下的反教思想变迁

On the Ideological Change Concerning Christianity under Mass Media Vision in the Late Qing Dynasty

近代大众传媒的出现,特别是甲午战后国人自办报刊的大量涌现与清末社会思潮的变迁有着密切的联系。从报刊传媒所透露的信息可以看到,在世纪之交各种思想起伏激荡之时,国人对西方传教的认识已较过往大为理性和深入。这一现象有助于揭示义和团运动后教案数量呈下降趋势的思想根源。以大众传媒的视角考察可以发现,报刊传媒的广泛兴起不仅为有识之士对教案的理性认识搭建了表达的平台,而且它所发挥的"能动性的倍增器"的作用,更使盲目反教所导致的危机和对国家自强的阻碍被更多的社会民众所了解。其传播效应,对清末国民的仇洋反教心理变化,乃至社会思想文化的变迁都产生了深刻影响。

The flourishing of modern mass media,especially the newspapers run by Chinese after the 1894-95 Sino-Japanese war was closely related to the trends of thought in the late Qing Dynasty. From the information published in the newspaper it is clear that at the turn of the century Chinese people＇s view of Christianity was more rational and profound than before. This is helpful to explain why there were fewer missionary cases after the Yihetuan Movement. The mass media not only built a platform for the men of insight to express their rational viewpoint related to missionary cases but also served as an activity multiplier that helped more people understand the crisis caused by blind anti-Christianity and hindrance for nation＇s development. Its dissemination has the profound influence on Chinese psychology towards foreigners and the change of social thought in the late Qing Dynasty.